:coffee:

Obama Signs Global Internet Treaty Worse Than SOPA (http://www.infowars.com/obama-signs-global-internet-treaty-worse-than-sopa/)


Months before the debate about Internet censorship raged as SOPA and PIPA dominated the concerns of web users, President Obama signed an international treaty that would allow companies in China or any other country in the world to demand ISPs remove web content in the US with no legal oversight whatsoever.

The Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement was signed by Obama on October 1 2011, yet is currently the subject of a White House petition demanding Senators be forced to ratify the treaty. The White House has circumvented the necessity to have the treaty confirmed by lawmakers by presenting it an as “executive agreement,” although legal scholars have highlighted the dubious nature of this characterization.

The hacktivist group Anonymous attacked and took offline the Federal Trade Commission’s website yesterday in protest against the treaty, which was also the subject of demonstrations across major cities in Poland, a country set to sign the agreement today.

:coffee:

"Months before the debate about Internet censorship raged as SOPA and PIPA dominated the concerns of web users, President Obama signed an international treaty that would allow companies in China or any other country in the world to demand ISPs remove web content in the US with no legal oversight whatsoever."

Within this context; where and when does it become anybody's business what the U.S. ISP's do with the internet?

That's like saying, you Americans are not allowed to eat or prepare Mexican food unless you do it THIS way.

Yeah, lousy analogy.....

Within this context; where and when does it become anybody's business what the U.S. ISP's do with the internet?




look at the other thread with people biatching about the megaupload shutdown


who's internet is it really ?

look at the other thread with people biatching about the megaupload shutdown


who's internet is it really ?

I have a dumb question.....
Where did the internet begin? I don't remember ever hearing.....

I have a dumb question.....
Where did the internet begin? I don't remember ever hearing.....




you are punk'n me right ?

That treaty would allow Obama to shut down any web site he doesn't like. He wants the treaty ratified before the election

I have a dumb question.....
Where did the internet begin? I don't remember ever hearing.....

Al Gore invented it.

Where did the internet



well there was Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, then the Computer Science Network, then the National Science Foundation Network .... hte NSFNET was finally decommissioned and the 'Internet' was born ...


well 1st you needed this:

Ethernet (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet)

History

Ethernet was developed at Xerox PARC between 1973 and 1974.[1][2] It was inspired by ALOHAnet, which Robert Metcalfe (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe) had studied as part of his PhD dissertation.[3] The idea was first documented in a memo that Metcalfe wrote on May 22, 1973.[1][4] In 1975, Xerox filed a patent application listing Metcalfe, David Boggs, Chuck Thacker and Butler Lampson as inventors.[5] In 1976, after the system was deployed at PARC, Metcalfe and Boggs published a seminal paper.[6][note 1]

Metcalfe left Xerox in June 1979 to form 3Com.[1] He convinced Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Intel, and Xerox to work together to promote Ethernet as a standard. The so-called "DIX" standard, for "Digital/Intel/Xerox" specified 10 Mbit/s Ethernet, with 48-bit destination and source addresses and a global 16-bit Ethertype-type field. It was published on September 30, 1980 as "The Ethernet, A Local Area Network. Data Link Layer and Physical Layer Specifications".[8] Version 2 was published in November, 1982[9] and defines what has become known as Ethernet II. Formal standardization efforts proceeded at the same time.

Ethernet initially competed with two largely proprietary systems, Token Ring and Token Bus. Because Ethernet was able to adapt to market realities and shift to inexpensive and ubiquitous twisted pair wiring, these proprietary protocols soon found themselves competing in a market inundated by Ethernet products and by the end of the 1980s, Ethernet was clearly the dominant network technology.[1] In the process, 3Com became a major company. 3Com shipped its first 10 Mbit/s Ethernet 3C100 transceiver in March 1981, and that year started selling adapters for PDP-11s and VAXes, as well as Multibus-based Intel and Sun Microsystems computers.[10]:9 This was followed quickly by DEC's Unibus to Ethernet adapter, which DEC sold and used internally to build its own corporate network, which reached over 10,000 nodes by 1986, making it one of the largest computer networks in the world at that time.[11]

Since then Ethernet technology has evolved to meet new bandwidth and market requirements.[12] In addition to computers, Ethernet is now used to interconnect appliances and other personal devices.[1] It is used in industrial applications and is quickly replacing legacy data transmission systems in the world's telecommunications networks.[13] By 2010, the market for Ethernet equipment amounted to over $16 billion per year.[14]


well ok the early internetworking experiments were not using 'Ethernet' ....... but it certainly made the backbone later on .....


Internet (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet)

History

Research into packet switching started in the early 1960s and packet switched networks such as ARPANET, Mark I at NPL in the UK,[6] CYCLADES,[7][8] Merit Network,[9] Tymnet, and Telenet, were developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s using a variety of protocols. The ARPANET in particular led to the development of protocols for internetworking, where multiple separate networks could be joined together into a network of networks.

The first two nodes of what would become the ARPANET were interconnected between Leonard Kleinrock's Network Measurement Center at the UCLA's School of Engineering and Applied Science and Douglas Engelbart's NLS system at SRI International (SRI) in Menlo Park, California, on 29 October 1969.[10] The third site on the ARPANET was the Culler-Fried Interactive Mathematics center at the University of California at Santa Barbara, and the fourth was the University of Utah Graphics Department. In an early sign of future growth, there were already fifteen sites connected to the young ARPANET by the end of 1971.[11][12] These early years were documented in the 1972 film Computer Networks: The Heralds of Resource Sharing.

Early international collaborations on ARPANET were sparse. For various political reasons, European developers were concerned with developing the X.25 networks.[13] Notable exceptions were the Norwegian Seismic Array (NORSAR) in 1972, followed in 1973 by Sweden with satellite links to the Tanum Earth Station and Peter Kirstein's research group in the UK, initially at the Institute of Computer Science, London University and later at University College London.[14]

In 1982, the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) was standardized and the concept of a world-wide network of fully interconnected TCP/IP networks called the Internet was introduced. Access to the ARPANET was expanded in 1981 when the National Science Foundation (NSF) developed the Computer Science Network (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSNET) (CSNET). In December 1974, RFC 675 – Specification of Internet Transmission Control Program, by Vinton Cerf, Yogen Dalal, and Carl Sunshine, used the term internet, as a shorthand for internetworking; later RFCs repeat this use, so the word started out as an adjective rather than the noun it is today.[15]

TCP/IP network access expanded again in 1986 when NSFNET (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSFNET) provided access to supercomputer sites in the United States from research and education organizations, first at 56 kbit/s and later at 1.5 Mbit/s and 45 Mbit/s.[16] Commercial internet service providers (ISPs) began to emerge in the late 1980s and 1990s. The ARPANET was decommissioned in 1990. The Internet was commercialized in 1995 when NSFNET was decommissioned, removing the last restrictions on the use of the Internet to carry commercial traffic.[17] The Internet started a rapid expansion to Europe and Australia in the mid to late 1980s[18][19] and to Asia in the late 1980s and early 1990s.[20]

Since the mid-1990s the Internet has had a tremendous impact on culture and commerce, including the rise of near instant communication by email, instant messaging, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) "phone calls", two-way interactive video calls, and the World Wide Web[21] with its discussion forums, blogs, social networking, and online shopping sites. Increasing amounts of data are transmitted at higher and higher speeds over fiber optic networks operating at 1-Gbit/s, 10-Gbit/s, or more. The Internet continues to grow, driven by ever greater amounts of online information and knowledge, commerce, entertainment and social networking.[22]

During the late 1990s, it was estimated that traffic on the public Internet grew by 100 percent per year, while the mean annual growth in the number of Internet users was thought to be between 20% and 50%.[23] This growth is often attributed to the lack of central administration, which allows organic growth of the network, as well as the non-proprietary open nature of the Internet protocols, which encourages vendor interoperability and prevents any one company from exerting too much control over the network.[24] As of 31 March 2011, the estimated total number of Internet users was 2.095 billion (30.2% of world population).[25] It is estimated that in 1993 the Internet carried only 1% of the information flowing through two-way telecommunication, by 2000 this figure had grown to 51%, and by 2007 more than 97% of all telecommunicated information was carried over the Internet.[26]

well there was Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, then the Computer Science Network, then the National Science Foundation Network .... hte NSFNET was finally decommissioned and the 'Internet' was born ...


well 1st you needed this:




well ok the early internetworking experiments were not using 'Ethernet' ....... but it certainly made the backbone later on .....

Ahhhhh.....okay.....and BTW, I wan't "punk'n you." Thanx for the research.

Ahhhhh.....okay.....and BTW, I wan't "punk'n you." Thanx for the research.



your welcome .......... I guess I just 'assume' a lot of people know the back ground of

'The Net'


:buddies: