Some background info on Land Patents from Grok:
What Is a Land Patent?
A land patent is an original document from the government that first transfers ownership of land from the public domain (government-owned land) to a private person. Think of it as the "birth certificate" of a piece of property—the very first legal claim that says, "This land now belongs to someone, not the state." It’s how land originally moved from, say, the U.S. government to settlers or buyers way back when.
How It Works
- Historical Context: In the U.S., land patents were big during the 1800s under laws like the Homestead Act (1862). The government gave or sold land to individuals—farmers, miners, railroads—to encourage settlement and development.
- The Process: Someone applied for land (e.g., by living on it or paying for it), and once approved, the government issued a patent. It was signed by a high-up official, like the President, and recorded.
- What It Says: It describes the land (e.g., "160 acres in Section 5, Township 10, Range 3") and names the first owner (the "patentee").
Why It’s Different from a Title
- First Step: A land patent is the starting point of private ownership. After it’s issued, that land gets bought, sold, or inherited, and ownership is tracked through deeds and titles.
- Forever Claim: The patent itself doesn’t change hands—it’s the root of the "chain of title." Every later title traces back to it.
Example
Imagine a settler in 1870 claims 160 acres in Kansas under the Homestead Act. They farm it for five years, prove it to the government, and get a land patent signed by Ulysses S. Grant. That document says, “This land is now John Doe’s.” John sells it later, and the buyer gets a deed, but the patent is the original proof it left government hands.
Modern Relevance
- Still Valid: Land patents aren’t issued much anymore (most U.S. public land is gone), but old ones still underpin property rights. If you own land today, its history likely traces to a patent.
- Sovereign Citizen Angle: Some folks, like sovereign citizens, argue land patents give them supreme rights over property, free from government rules. Courts don’t buy this—it’s a legal relic, not a magic shield.
In short, a land patent is the government’s first "hand-off" of land to a person, kicking off private ownership. It’s simple in concept but foundational to how land became ours. Does that clear it up? Anything else you want to explore?
In any case, this does not belong in PSAs and is being moved.