As far as Evolution is concered I don't think it's quite that cut and dry. It's more like saying n + n = 4 so n + m = a potato.
As for religion, Christians are always grappling with what scripture is figurative and what scripture is literal. Science helps us sort through these things.
If you don't think that the logic chain is clear, then which link in the logic chain do you disagree with? Or, I guess, you may believe that the conclusion of the chain is somehow logically faulty.
1. Living things possess traits which differ somewhat between various living things.
2. Some living things have the ability to reproduce.
3. In the process by which some living things reproduce, the specific traits that they possess are replicated in their offspring with a greater frequency than those traits which they don't possess.
4. Some living things do not attain the ability to reproduce for some period of time after their creation.
5. For whatever reason, the presence or absence of some of the aforementioned traits makes it more or less likely that a particular living thing will survive for:(a) a specified period of time, and/or
(b) a period of time sufficient for them to attain the ability to reproduce, and/or
(c) a significant period of time after they attain the ability to reproduce.
6. Whether or not a living thing survives long enough to attain the ability to reproduce, and how long they survive after attaining the ability to reproduce, has a significant effect on the likelihood that they do reproduce and how likely it is that they reproduce a specified number of times.
7. Whether or not a living thing reproduces, and how often they do so, has an effect on the likelihood that their traits are replicated in their offspring.
8. For whatever reason, some offspring acquire a trait (or traits) which was not present in any of the living things whose reproduction created them; and, sometimes this trait (or traits) is not present in any other living thing.
Conclusions:
For whatever reason it is that causes (5) to be true, some traits will be found more or less frequently in living things, as a function of time.
Additionally, for whatever reason it is that causes (8) to be true, some new traits, which were not present in living things before, can become present in living things.
Those phenomena are generally referred to as Evolution, though their description as such is often accompanied by more specificity. Over vasts periods of time they possess the inherent ability to make profound changes in the structure and variety of living things, or the ability to make very little change in the structure and variety of living things. It depends largely on the issues that affect (5) and (8), and a certain basis on which to evaluate those issues is required to assess the potential profoundness of the changes.
Most scientists believe that we have a significant amount of evidence, and thus they conclude, that this process has had a profound effect on what life exists on Earth today, and how it developed as such. I happen to agree with that conclusion. But, regardless of whether or not someone accepts the modern scientific consensus in regard to the degree to which the Evolutionary process has shaped the nature of life on Earth - the reality that such a process exists to some degree or another is logically inescapable, unless you disbelieve one of those original posits. I've never had first hand knowledge of anyone who did.
The point of is simple. If I know that a person has exactly 4 apples. And, I know that they have exactly 3 oranges. And I know that they have exactly 2 bananas. And I know that apples and oranges and bananas are all fruits. And I know that they do not have any other fruits. Then, I don't have to have direct evidence that they have a total of 9 fruit, in order to prove or know that they do. I don't have to be able to count them all. I can use logic to determine, with certainty, that they have a total of 9 fruits. So long as the links, or the posits, in the original logic chain are certain, and the logic which links them is not faulty, then the resulting conclusion of the logic chain is a certainty.