It might, or could, but many if not most Americans and our Political leaders do not want to tamper with the US Constitution.
I would say that any State as like Kansas could face severe retribution based on the 14th Amendment Section 1:
No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; ... and ...
nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. And then Section 5:
The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. Link.
If Kansas failed to put President Obama on their ballot then it would be a violation of the 14thA by denying the Kansas citizens of their lawful right to vote.
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The Federal Election Commission.
Link =
The F.E.C. - Quick Answers to Candidates