Some questions.
If a person has only enough money to buy either food or a pack of cigarettes and chooses cigarettes, would that qualify as an addiction?
If a person, who normally obeys the law, is willing to face severe penalties ($2,000), and still smokes, would that be a sign of addiction? (disabling a smoke detector on an aircraft)
Some possible anwsers.
Addiction is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, even in the face of negative consequences. Only about 6 percent of people who try to quit are successful for more than a month.
Research has shown how nicotine acts on the brain to produce a number of effects. Of primary importance to its addictive nature are findings that nicotine activates reward pathways—the brain circuitry that regulates feelings of pleasure. A key brain chemical involved in mediating the desire to consume drugs is the neurotransmitter dopamine, and research has shown that nicotine increases levels of dopamine in the reward circuits. This reaction is similar to that seen with other drugs of abuse, and is thought to underlie the pleasurable sensations experienced by many smokers. Nicotine’s pharmacokinetic properties also enhance its abuse potential. The acute effects of nicotine dissipate in a few minutes, as do the associated feelings of reward, which causes the smoker to continue dosing to maintain the drug’s pleasurable effects and prevent withdrawal.
Nicotine withdrawal symptoms include irritability, craving, cognitive and attentional deficits, sleep disturbances, and increased appetite. These symptoms may begin within a few hours after the last cigarette, quickly driving people back to tobacco use.