Determination of breed—To examine breed of
dogs, we used media reports, animal control reports,
pedigree, parentage information, or results of DNA analysis,
when available. To evaluate the reliability of breed
determinations reported by the media, we attempted
to use concordance among reporting sources of breed
descriptors, recognizing that even with concordance,
sources could still be in error, particularly when dogs
were of mixed breeding. For single dog incidents (148
incidents), on the basis of the strict definition (exact
match), breed descriptors in media reports were discordant
for 32 of 148 (21.6%) dogs; animal control or local
law enforcement assessment of breed differed from the
media account for 45 of 129 (34.9%) dogs. On the basis
of the expanded definition (any agreement between alleged
breeds and mixes), breed descriptors among media
reports were discordant for 19 of 148 (12.8%) dogs;
animal control or local law enforcement assessment of
breed differed from the media account for 18 of 129
(14.0%) dogs. For multiple dog incidents (96 deaths involving
256 dogs), on the basis of the strict definition (exact
match), breed descriptors in media reports were discordant
for 92 of 253 (36.4%) dogs; animal control or local
law enforcement assessment of breed differed from the
media account for 94 of 217 (43.3%) dogs. On the basis
of the expanded definition (any agreement between alleged
breeds and mixes), breed descriptors among media
reports were discordant for 43 of 253 (17.0%) dogs;
animal control or local law enforcement assessment of
breed differed from the media account for 24 of 217
(11.1%) dogs.
Breed was inaccurately represented in the media in
other ways. For example, 7 deaths were originally reported
by the media as involving multiple dogs; further
investigation revealed that 8 dogs were not involved
and the deaths were actually single dog incidents. For
another 9 deaths reported by the media as involving
multiple dogs, later investigation revealed that although
multiple dogs were involved, 13 media-implicated dogs
were not involved. Thus, 16 of 256 (6.3%) deaths involved
inaccurate media reporting of the number of individual
dogs involved, yet all of these dogs had mediareported
breed descriptors.
With respect to pedigree or results of DNA analysis
for single dog cases, pedigree documentation, parentage,
or DNA information was available for 19 dogs.
These data were discordant with media reports for 7 of
19 cases on the basis of the strict breed definition and
0 of 18 cases on the basis of the expanded breed definition
Overall, breed status was assigned for dogs involved
in 45 of 256 (17.6%) DBRFs from documented
pedigree, parentage information, or DNA test results
or on the basis of concordance among media breed descriptor,
animal control breed descriptor, and the veterinarian-
assigned breed from a photograph. These 45
DBRFs involved 20 recognized dog breeds, including 2
dogs of known mixed breed.